Improvement in stills for oil



JOHN WARREN, or rLus'mNeNnw Yon-K.

Laim Patent N 97,998, daad Dagmar 14, 1869.

Mah-

IMPROVEMENT IN STILLS FOR Ill'a,A Bcc.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making pari'. ofthe same.

To all whom it may concer-n Be it known that I, JOHN WARREN, ofFlushing, in the county of Queens, and in the State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Stills; and do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof', reference being had to the accompanying drawing, making apartof this specification, in which*- "Figure 1 is a plan View of the'upperside of the still, as' incased;

` Figure 2is a side elevation of the same;

Figure 3 is a vertical central section, on theline'x :o of fig. 1; v

i Figure L is a horizontal cross-section, on the line yy of iig. 2;

Figure 5 is a like section, on the line s of the same ligure V,and

Figure 6 is a vertical central section, on the lines z' of'gs. 1 and 2.

Letters of like name and kind refer to `like parts in cach of thefigures.

My invention has for its object the securing of a more perfectapplication of heat to the still; the ventilation of the casing aroundthe same; a better construction and arrangement of the smoke-lines; andan improvement in the general arrangement in the casing, and in themanner of setting the still, so as to secure to the saine greaterfreedom for expansion and contraction; land to this end,

lt consists, principally, in the employment of a perforated convex archover all of the fires, for the purpose of distributing the heated gasesmore evenly beneath the still bottom, and thereby securing a moreuniform temperature of the same, as is hereinafter set fort-h.

It further consists in withdrawing the heated pro ducts of combustion'from thecircumference of the combostico-chamber, substantially as andfor the purpose hereinafter shown. l

It furtherconsists in ruiming all `of the smokediues from. the chamberof combustion into one common chamber within the ibundation ofthe still,at its centre, radially, and from thence through the main iiue into thechimney, as is hereinafter specified.

It further consistsiu the employment of a hollow central pier, soarranged as that the upper portion thereof shall contain the tar-pipe,and the lower portionof said pier shall serve for the 'centralreceivingchamber of the smoke-dues, as is hereinafter shown.

It further consists in the employment of a hinged or removable jacketaround the bas of the gooseueck, substantially as shown and for thelpurpose set fort-h.

It further consists in the arrangement of the venti lating-pipes withinthe sides of the jacket or casing, and, in combination therewith, in thearrangement of the traps or doors upon and within the upper side of saidcasing, as is hereinafter specied.

It'iinally consists in the general construction andy arrangementiof, theheating and Ventilating-devices, and of the casing, substantially asshown and for the purpose described.

In the annexed drawing- A represents thc still, resting at its outerlower corner upon an offset, l), extending around the interior oftheenclosing-,wall B; the latter of which also serves to contain thefurnaces C, opening into the interior, at regular intervals, around itscircumference nearthe base.

Rising vertically -Irom the central portion of the foundation, is ahollow pier, D, which serves as a central support for the still` andalso for other purposes hereinafter specified..

As shown iu figs. 3 and (i, the masonry E bene-ath the still, and withinthe walls Il, rises from near the upper portion ofthe furnaces U to thehollow pier D, in a convex form, and is enclosed by an arch1 l?, corresponding in shape with and placed `at a short distance abovethe same,so as to forni a ue, (l, coinm'unicating with, and common to all of saidfurnaces.

The centra-l portion ofthe arch F is provided with a series of openings,j', through which the heated products of combustion pass upward into thecombustionlchamber H, beneath the still, and around the base,

by which nieansthe action 'of the heat upon thebottom of said still"`isrendered uniform, regardless ofthe` irregularity oi' the differentfires.

l represents a series of pipes or dues placed near the outer side of thcchamber H, and fromthcnce extending downward and inward `into anannulz-n.- chamber, K, around the base of the pier D, which chambercommunicates with another chamber, L, within the base of said pier, andthe latter chamber, in turn, with the chimney M, by means ofa largeflue, in, whereby the draught of the smaller ilues and ofthe iinnaces isegnalized and rendered uniform.

Secured to, and enclosing the upper portion of the.

.wall B, and also-.covering the still A, is a casing, N,

formed of sheet-metal, and having upon its top side a number of hingedtraps or doors, O, arranged radially in two parallel circular lines. l

A suitable openingis left in the casing N for the passage of thegooseneck l), the Vertical portion of which is increased by means of acylinder, it which, being .divided longitudinally at its centre, an tuesections hinged at onel side, may be opened or closed at pleasure, so asto varytl'ie temperature of said gooseneclr.

Passing inward through the wall B, a short distance below the bottom ofthe still, is a series of pipes, S, the inner endsl i' which curveupward, and enter 'the space between the sides of said still and saidwall, and furnish a means for the admission of cool air for ventilatingand coolingepnrposes. One half of said pipes pass upward nearly to thetop oi' thc still, while the balance extend onlyl through the masonry,and being opened or closed by suitable means, the cool air passiup,through may be caused to strike against the sides oi" the still at twopoints, greatly facilitating,r the regulation the tempe ature ot' thesame.

The tnr-pipc 'l extends downward from the bottom ot'thc still into thcpier D, and from vthence outward through a passage, U, the outer end ot'said pipe` being so arranged as to )ass beyond the masonry, or, ifdesired, being enclosed within said passage by n'ieans of a suitabledoor.

As thus constructed, my iniprm'ement-s are coniplete, and possess thefollowing advantages:

First, by means of the perforated arch, and the arrangement ofthereturn-fines, the heated products of combusiion are more evenlydistributed over the botto'in ot' the still, so as to insure greaterdurability and eiliciency ofthe same, and also produce a great saving inthe time and i'nel required to perform a given amount of work.

Second, being` unsupported except at its edge and centre, the expansionand contraction ot' the. still-bot tom are rendered entirely nnil'orm,as the heated or cool air acts alike upon each portion, so that saidbottom is rendered as durable as any portion ofthe still.

Third, by means of the Ventilating-pipes within the fall, and 'the trapsor doors within thel top of the easing, the temperature oi the still i`sat all times under complete control, and can be increased 0r decreasedpleasure; and, al'terndistillation is completed, by opening said traps,rent-ilatiiig-pipes, and the fur nace-doors, the cool air is frcel yadmitted to all portions ofthe externa' ol' said still, and causes it tocool' oi with great rapidity and uniibrmity.

Fourth, the adjustable easing around the base of the gooseneckenables'the temperature ot' the same to be varied at will, so as toincrease or retard distillation and correspoiulingly fa-ry theseparation, which results are obtained with equal certainty and ease,and at a much less expense than by other means employed for thispurpose.

Having thus fully set forth the nature and merits of my invention,

Wbatl claim as new, and' desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Sett-ing a still so as that the outer edge and centre only of its bottomare supported, substantially' as and for the purpose specified.

Also, tlie employment of one common convex perfoi-ated rch over all thelires,-substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

Also, the hollow central pier l), constructed as shown, and for thepurpose specified.

Also, withdrawing the heated products of combustion from thecircumference of t-l'ic combnstion-cham ber, substantially as shown anddescribed.

Also, causingr the smoke-fines from the combustionchamber to centre inone common chamber within the foundation of the still, substantially asshown and for the purpose specified.,

Also, the arrangement of thc ues I and Iin, and the chambers K and L,within the foundation ofthe still, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

Also, the employment ot' a hinged or removable jacket around the hase ofthe gooseneck, substantially as shown and for the purpose specified.

Also, the arrangennnit of the Ventilating-pipes S within and through thecasing-wall, substantially 'as shown and for the purpose. described.

Also, the arrangement of the doors or traps 0 upon and `within thecasing N, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

Also, the combination of the ventilatingpipes S with the traps O,substantially as and for the purpose shown.

Also, the combination of the convex perforated arch 11, with the iluesI, .substantially as shown and de scribed.

Also, the general construction md arrangement of the various partsliereinbefore described, substantially' as shown and for the purposeIspecified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto setmyhand,tl\is 19th day of October, 1869. Witnesses: JOHN 'ARREN.

Ina H. Tomi-11m., C. WESLEY Furman..

